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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They do not cure the disorder and only help manage symptoms if they are they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medications can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate, anxiety and tics. adhd medication list and children who take stimulant medications experience a minor reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant is the most well-known medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms including chewable tablet, a liquid as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, helping to enhance concentration. It can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. Patients with diabetes should be on guard when taking this medication as it could cause rapid increases in blood sugar. If you experience any of these side effects, talk with your doctor. Methylphenidate is also known to cause Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness in the feet and fingers. This is a rare, but serious side effect. It is crucial to notify your doctor if any of these symptoms develop. There are some who believe that methylphenidate can slow down children's growth. However this hasn't been proven. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate, ensure that you monitor the weight and height closely. If your child takes a tablet containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it can be dangerous to children suffering from Phenylketonuria. Consult your physician about an alternative methylphenidate formulation when you suffer from PKU. Some people have difficulty with stimulants which are the most popular treatment for ADHD. In these cases doctors may prescribe another medication that works in a similar way. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. These drugs are typically taken twice or three times daily However, some people might be able take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however they are less likely to be effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a category called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which control brain's activity. It is a popular option for adults and children who prefer a different kind of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It may take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. In addition, you may suffer from side effects like diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was not significant. In a different open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms when compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient withdrew due to an rash. Additionally, three patients reported transient gastrointestinal disturbances and one patient reported fatigue that was more severe (Kratochvil et al 2005). Consult your physician before you begin treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss your health history, including any supplements or medications you are taking. This includes herbal remedies and over-the-counter medications. Tell your doctor if any of the following conditions occur such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour or a high blood pressure heart disease or a history sudden death. Also, avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine, in the past 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant can help improve ADHD symptoms. It can also reduce impulsivity, and increase focus. However, it does not affect the brain in the way stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and capsules. It is essential to take the medication as prescribed. If you stop taking it abruptly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. It is usually taken two or three times per day with a 4-6 hour interval between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times a day to 150mg three or four times daily. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract, and then eliminated into urine, which means it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. It can, however, get into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, which is why it's important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms and reducing depression, also helps to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors within your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications So it's crucial to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's essential to let your doctor know if have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make side effects worse. Numerous studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. The research suggests that bupropion does have an impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients such as improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the molecular forms of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between the various molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD aren't effective or cause undesirable side effects, doctors may consider antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain to help people concentrate. These older drugs may cause serious negative side effects. They are generally only used when other medications do not work. The first option for depression-related antidepressants is typically a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as sertraline, fluoxetine or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for a long time, can be used in some cases. They also work in treating neuropathic pain and have an additional pain-relieving effect that is distinct from their antidepressant activity. They increase the activity of the noradrenephrine receptor through blocking its reuptake. They also function as descending modulators for pain pathways in spinal cord. SSRIs have less risk of toxicity, and less serious adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe in pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in animals or humans. If suddenly stopped, they may cause withdrawal symptoms that are severe. Your doctor may recommend slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to reduce the effects. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant that is used off-label to treat ADHD however, it is not FDA approved as an adhd drug. It is believed to work by increasing neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be paired with stimulants for more rapid and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD Many people feel relief through the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine may be beneficial for some. Tell your doctor all medicines you or your child is taking as well as herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. This can help reduce unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect everyone differently, and it's often an exercise of trial and error to find the appropriate dosage and medication for you or your child.